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Explore the impact of AI on employment: Which jobs are likely to be replaced, and which new jobs will emerge?
Source: Forbes
Compilation: Babbitt
A big public concern about artificial intelligence is how it will affect jobs. The combination of layoffs and the explosion of artificial intelligence has exacerbated such concerns. However, technological progress is inevitable, and we cannot stop this momentum, but we can slow it down through regulation and thoughtful consideration of how we balance technology adoption and job protection.
With the speed of innovation and disruption, we need to pause to ensure we are in control of technology's impact on society. It is important to reflect on what our core values are; also taking into account how we treat people and how we remain competitive in the global marketplace.
Industry disruption brought about by technological advancement has been happening since ancient times. On the eve of any major shift, there are always concerns about the impact on humans and the workforce. In Rania Hoteit's "Future of Work" article, she gives an example: Queen Elizabeth refused a patent for an automatic knitting machine because she feared that automated knitting would reduce employment and starve people. But factories still used the machines, and by the end of the 19th century there were four times as many factory weavers as there were in 1830.
As the Industrial Revolution progressed, Britain feared that people would be replaced by machines and permanently unemployed. These fears have so far been mostly misplaced. In the short term, however, people suffer. Those who are adaptable and able to quickly learn new technologies find themselves in a better position than others to navigate transitional industry revolutions.
To provide some perspective on the pace of change in the job market, an MIT study found that 60% of jobs in 2018 did not exist in 1940. With any industry change, new jobs will emerge. That's not to say this wave of change will fit that mold, but it's certainly worth considering.
Of course, the integration of AI is not without challenges and downsides. One of the most important concerns surrounding AI is the potential for job loss, especially in industries that rely heavily on repetitive or routine tasks that can be automated.
As AI and machine learning become more sophisticated and able to perform more complex tasks, there is a risk that more jobs will be eliminated, which could lead to unemployment and economic disruption. There is no denying that technology is advancing faster than ever, and humanity is at risk if it can keep up.
According to Goldman Sachs, 300 million jobs could be affected. While these figures are staggering, research shows that most jobs are only partially affected by automation and have the potential to complement each other and increase workplace productivity. The industries most at risk are "administrative support" with an estimated 46 percent, and "legal" with an estimated 44 percent. The least risky roles will be manual labor and hands-on work. The timeline for these estimates is unclear, but it could be within a decade.
The question is how quickly people can adapt to these roles. Having a core understanding of your talents and how to transfer your skills will be key to adapting quickly. Our society needs a workforce strategy that integrates AI and preserves jobs through role adjustments. The combination of new job creation, retraining programs and AI-human collaboration will ensure a vibrant workforce where humans and AI work together to maximize productivity and innovation.
Some experts believe that creatives will be less vulnerable to the power of technology. The non-linear and messy nature of human emotions and thoughts conveyed through different artistic media embodies the unique qualities of human beings. The biggest mistakes can sometimes end up being the best masterpieces.
However, AI has also infiltrated the creative realm through applications such as the image generator DALL-E 2. These apps aren't necessarily putting talented creatives out of work, but more about enabling humans to do the work they're already doing with greater efficiency. There is a risk that a small group of well-known artists could dominate the market, leaving lesser-known artists with an even smaller market share. On the other hand, more artists will have access to technology and global markets to increase their salesability and possibly level the playing field.
Jack Ma thinks that in the next 30 years, people will only work 4 hours a day, maybe 4 days a week...but it might be painful to get there.
While the possibility of job displacement is indeed a concern, there are potential solutions to this problem. One such solution is the idea of a universal basic income (UBI), a guaranteed income provided to every citizen, regardless of their employment status.
Proponents of UBI argue that it can provide a safety net for workers displaced by automation and artificial intelligence, allowing them to meet their basic needs as they look for new jobs or seek education and training opportunities. While UBI remains a controversial idea, there is growing interest and support for exploring it as a potential solution to AI-induced job losses. However, it is important to note that UBI is not a panacea and there are still many issues and challenges that need to be addressed when implementing such a system.
Laws and government policy will be important factors in mediating AI and integrating it into many aspects of our society, including the workforce. We will need a stronger set of policy responses to ensure that workers adapt so that the benefits of automation are widely shared. In a more balanced future, AI technologies will co-exist with humans, empowering us and improving lives, while carefully managing risks and challenges to ensure a fair and inclusive society.
According to the World Economic Forum's Future of Jobs report, 85 million jobs will be replaced by AI machines by 2025. The same report states that AI will create 97 million new jobs by 2025. No industry is immune to beneficial and/or detrimental impacts. Below is a list of potential alternative jobs in some industries as well as new jobs triggered by artificial intelligence.
Potential Alternative Jobs
personal life
manufacturing
real estate
game
agriculture
entertainment
medical insurance
Transportation
educate
finance
Energy Management
human Resources
Retail
REAL ENVIRONMENT
law
space exploration
Public Safety
Art and Design
Journalism
Customer Support
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Data Science and AI Engineering: There is a growing demand for people who can develop, deploy, and maintain AI models and systems.
Cybersecurity: As AI technologies become more complex, professionals specializing in cybersecurity are needed to ensure that AI systems are safe, transparent, and impartial, protect user privacy, and prevent unintended consequences.
AI Ethics: Oversees policies to ensure the safe and ethical use of AI.
AI-powered creative roles: Combining human creativity with AI capabilities, such as AI-assisted designers or content strategists in areas such as advertising, graphic design, and video production.
Healthcare and AI Diagnostics: AI-driven diagnostics and personalized medicine are creating new opportunities for medical professionals to interpret AI-generated insights and make informed decisions for patient care. This includes new medical developments, personalized patient care, and securely collecting data so that more effective diagnosis and treatment plans can be run.
AI-Enabled Education: Incorporating AI into education, such as AI-assisted curriculum designers and personalized learning facilitators, who work closely with AI systems to create tailored learning experiences for students.
AI Collaboration Experts: As AI systems become more pervasive, professionals who can manage and optimize collaboration between humans and AI in the workplace will be in high demand. These experts help design workflows and processes to maximize productivity and efficiency while ensuring job satisfaction.
Machine Manager: Trains actual machines to do what the AI software asks them to do.
AI for Sustainability and Climate Change: The growing need to address climate change and promote sustainable practices has led to new roles focused on the use of AI for environmental monitoring, climate modeling and resource management .
AI Driven Supply Chain Management: AI is transforming supply chain management by increasing efficiency and reducing waste. New roles are emerging for professionals who can manage and analyze AI-generated insights to optimize supply chain operations.
AI in Customer Service: Manage AI-powered systems to deliver a seamless and personalized customer experience.
AI Policy and Regulation: As AI adoption increases, governments and organizations will need experts in AI policy and regulation to ensure compliance with ethical standards, transparency, and privacy protection.
TIP Engineer: Someone who can create the correct text to generate the accurate results required by LLM (Large Language Models) such as ChatGPT. These positions are available for marketing, law firms, client service, nonprofit fundraising and publishing, and more.
AI Auditor: Manages AI-powered systems to ensure they are being used correctly, fairly and accurately legally.